今天，20国集团的领导人正在华盛顿聚首，试图找到调控仍在持续动荡的金融市场的措施。20国集团是一个包括全球主要经济体国家的组织，我很高兴布什总统召集此次会议，因为全球金融危机需要各国协调一致共同应对。

不过，在我们与其它国家协调采取行动之时，美国也必须在国内采取迅速行动以解决美国自身的经济危机。一周以来，美国金融市场持续动荡，我们还获悉，申请失 业保险人数已上升至2001年9月11日以来的最高水平。在过去十个月里，美国新增工作岗位始终呈现下降态势，今年同比减少了120万工作岗位，特别是处 于困境的汽车工业表现明显。数以百万计的美国公民每天晚上半夜惊醒，为未来能够支付起帐单、保住房子、顺利获得退休金感到忧心忡忡。

毫无疑问，此次经济危机是美国经济在新世纪所遇到的最严重挑战。然而尽管前途漫漫，道路艰险，但我知道我们能够战胜这场危机，因为美国总是能在最危险的时刻崛起。不管多么艰难，我比任何时候都更相信美国将再次崛起。“

但我们必须立刻采取行动。下周，国会将举行会议以应对金融危机蔓延。我呼吁他们至少通过新救市计划的预付定金预算，这将有助于创造工作岗位 、缓解家庭经济压力、帮助经济再次增长。尤其重要的是，我们应当立刻向那些明年将无法再领取失业金的一百多万美国人提供帮助。如果国会无法通过促进经济发 展的救市计划，那么我将把这件事作为上任后首要事务。

以下全文是奥巴马赢得选举胜利后的演讲稿全文，在实际的演说过程中，并没有完全按照这份讲稿进行，奥巴马扩充了中间致谢部分的内容。在西方，演讲作为一种专门的课程被教授给学生，尤其是政治家们在年轻时代就娴熟地掌握了这一技巧。其中美国总统的就职演说有许多经典名篇，例如大家耳熟能详的肯尼迪总统和他的“不要问国家为你做了什么，而要问你为国家做了什么。”奥巴马尚未就职，这篇演讲是在他选举获胜后对芝加哥民众发表的演说。

在演讲的第一部分，奥巴马强调了他在法统上的合法性，通过一系列排比句暗示他是由无数美国民众发自内心地采取民主方式选举出来的总统。第二部分在感谢相关人士之后，奥巴马再次重申了美国精神，向民众做出了他的承诺。并号召人民和他一起并肩克难，实施变革，振兴美国。在演说的第三部分，异常巧妙地转换了表述的视角，通过讲述一个106岁的普通黑人妇女库波尔的一生，把美国历史上的危急时刻串联起来，让人民深受感动的同时又不觉得和奥巴马有所疏远，是全篇演讲最精彩的部分。最后，奥巴马重提美国梦，并把美国梦和他本人叠合，彻底完成对个人的渲染和身份的转化，几近神格。

通篇演讲中，奥巴马始终采用和人民对话的口吻，释放出强力的召唤信号，把焦点集中在美国内政之上，鼓舞民心士气，呼吁人民团结一致。同时，值得注意的是，他也非常巧妙地回避了军事外交等他不擅长的领域，只是蜻蜓点水而过，复又把演说重心移回美国国内问题。

我不知道中文翻译者是谁，但这是我在网上见到的最perfect的一个译本了。

Change Has Come To America

美国的变革时代已经到来

Hello, Chicago.
芝加哥的市民们，你们好！

If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible; who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time; who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer.It’s the answer told by lines that stretched around schools and churches in numbers this nation has never seen; by people who waited three hours and four hours, many for the very first time in their lives, because they believed that this time must be different; that their voice could be that difference.
如果还有人对在美国是否凡事皆有可能这一点存疑，还有人怀疑美国奠基者的梦想在我们所处的时代是否依然鲜活，还有人质疑我们的民主制度的力量，那么今晚，这些问题都有了答案。这是设在学校和教堂的投票站前排起的前所未见的长队给出的答案；是等了三四个小时的选民所给出的答案，其中许多人都是有生以来第一次投票，因为他们认定这一次肯定会不一样，认为自己的声音会是这次大选有别于以往之所在。

It’s the answer spoken by young and old, rich and poor, Democrat and Republican, black, white, Latino, Asian, Native American, gay, straight, disabled and not disabled – Americans who sent a message to the world that we have never been a collection of Red States and Blue States: we are, and always will be, the United States of America.
这是所有美国人民共同给出的答案－－无论老少贫富，无论是民主党还是共和党，无论是黑人、白人、拉美裔、亚裔、原住民，是同性恋者还是异性恋者、残疾人还是健全人－－我们从来不是“红州”和“蓝州”的对立阵营，我们是美利坚合众国这个整体，永远都是。

It’s the answer that led those who have been told for so long by so many to be cynical, and fearful, and doubtful of what we can achieve to put their hands on the arc of history and bend it once more toward the hope of a better day.
长久以来，很多人一再受到告诫，要对我们所能取得的成绩极尽讽刺、担忧和怀疑之能事，但这个答案让这些人伸出手来把握历史，再次让它朝向美好明天的希望延伸。

It’s been a long time coming, but tonight, because of what we did on this day, in this election, at this defining moment, change has come to America.
已经过去了这么长时间，但今晚，由于我们在今天、在这场大选中、在这个具有决定性的时刻所做的，美国已经迎来了变革。

I just received a very gracious call from Senator McCain. He fought long and hard in this campaign, and he’s fought even longer and harder for the country he loves. He has endured sacrifices for America that most of us cannot begin to imagine, and we are better off for the service rendered by this brave and selfless leader. I congratulate him and Governor Palin for all they have achieved, and I look forward to working with them to renew this nation’s promise in the months ahead.
我刚刚接到了麦凯恩参议员极具风度的致电。他在这场大选中经过了长时间的努力奋斗，而他为自己所深爱的这个国家奋斗的时间更长、过程更艰辛。他为美国做出了我们大多数人难以想像的牺牲，我们的生活也因这位勇敢无私的领袖所做出的贡献而变得更美好。我向他和佩林州长所取得的成绩表示祝贺，我也期待着与他们一起在未来的岁月中为复兴这个国家的希望而共同努力。

I want to thank my partner in this journey, a man who campaigned from his heart and spoke for the men and women he grew up with on the streets of Scranton and rode with on that train home to Delaware, the Vice President-elect of the United States, Joe Biden.
我要感谢我在这次旅程中的伙伴－－已当选美国副总统的拜登。他全心参与竞选活动，为普通民众代言，他们是他在斯克兰顿从小到大的伙伴，也是在他回特拉华的火车上遇到的男男女女。

I would not be standing here tonight without the unyielding support of my best friend for the last sixteen years, the rock of our family and the love of my life, our nation’s next First Lady, Michelle Obama. Sasha and Malia, I love you both so much, and you have earned the new puppy that’s coming with us to the White House. And while she’s no longer with us, I know my grandmother is watching, along with the family that made me who I am. I miss them tonight, and know that my debt to them is beyond measure.
如果没有一个人的坚决支持，我今晚就不会站在这里，她是我过去16年来最好的朋友、是我们一家人的中坚和我一生的挚爱，更是我们国家的下一位第一夫人：米歇尔•奥巴马(Michelle Obama)。萨莎(Sasha)和玛丽亚(Malia)，我太爱你们两个了，你们已经得到了一条新的小狗，它将与我们一起入驻白宫。虽然我的外祖母已经不在了，但我知道她与我的亲人肯定都在看着我，因为他们，我才能拥有今天的成就。今晚，我想念他们，我知道自己欠他们的无可计量。

To my campaign manager David Plouffe, my chief strategist David Axelrod, and the best campaign team ever assembled in the history of politics – you made this happen, and I am forever grateful for what you’ve sacrificed to get it done.
我的竞选经理大卫•普劳夫(David Plouffe)、首席策略师大卫•艾克斯罗德(David Axelrod)以及政治史上最好的竞选团队－－是你们成就了今天，我永远感激你们为实现今天的成就所做出的牺牲。

But above all, I will never forget who this victory truly belongs to – it belongs to you.
但最重要的是，我永远不会忘记这场胜利真正的归属－－它属于你们。

I was never the likeliest candidate for this office. We didn’t start with much money or many endorsements. Our campaign was not hatched in the halls of Washington – it began in the backyards of Des Moines and the living rooms of Concord and the front porches of Charleston.
我从来不是最有希望的候选人。一开始，我们没有太多资金，也没有得到太多人的支持。我们的竞选活动并非诞生于华盛顿的高门华第之内，而是始于得梅因、康科德、查尔斯顿这些地方的普通民众家中。

It was built by working men and women who dug into what little savings they had to give five dollars and ten dollars and twenty dollars to this cause. It grew strength from the young people who rejected the myth of their generation’s apathy; who left their homes and their families for jobs that offered little pay and less sleep; from the not-so-young people who braved the bitter cold and scorching heat to knock on the doors of perfect strangers; from the millions of Americans who volunteered, and organized, and proved that more than two centuries later, a government of the people, by the people and for the people has not perished from this Earth. This is your victory.
我们的竞选活动能有今天的规模，是因为辛勤工作的人们从自己的微薄积蓄中拿出钱来，捐出一笔又一笔5美元、10美元、20美元。而竞选活动的声势越来越大则是源自那些年轻人，他们拒绝接受认为他们这代人冷漠的荒诞说法；他们离开家、离开亲人，从事报酬微薄、极其辛苦的工作；同时也源自那些已经不算年轻的人们，他们冒着严寒酷暑，敲开陌生人的家门进行竞选宣传；更源自数百万的美国民众，他们自动自发地组织起来，证明了在两百多年以后，民有、民治、民享的政府并未从地球上消失。这是你们的胜利。

I know you didn’t do this just to win an election and I know you didn’t do it for me. You did it because you understand the enormity of the task that lies ahead. For even as we celebrate tonight, we know the challenges that tomorrow will bring are the greatest of our lifetime – two wars, a planet in peril, the worst financial crisis in a century. Even as we stand here tonight, we know there are brave Americans waking up in the deserts of Iraq and the mountains of Afghanistan to risk their lives for us. There are mothers and fathers who will lie awake after their children fall asleep and wonder how they’ll make the mortgage, or pay their doctor’s bills, or save enough for college. There is new energy to harness and new jobs to be created; new schools to build and threats to meet and alliances to repair.
我知道你们的所做所为并不只是为了赢得大选，我也知道你们做这一切并不是为了我。你们这样做是因为你们明白摆在面前的任务有多艰巨。因为即便我们今晚欢呼庆祝，我们也知道明天将面临我们一生之中最为艰巨的挑战---两场战争、一个面临危险的星球，还有百年来最严重的金融危机。今晚站在此地，我们知道伊拉克的沙漠里和阿富汗的群山中还有勇敢的美国士兵醒来，甘冒生命危险保护着我们。会有在孩子熟睡后仍难以入眠的父母，担心如何偿还按揭月供、付医药费或是存够钱送孩子上大学。我们亟待开发新能源、创造新的工作机会；我们需要修建新学校，还要应对众多威胁、修复与许多盟国的关系。

The road ahead will be long. Our climb will be steep. We may not get there in one year or even one term, but America – I have never been more hopeful than I am tonight that we will get there. I promise you – we as a people will get there.
前方的道路会十分漫长艰辛。我们可能无法在一年甚至一届任期之内实现上述目标，但我从未像今晚这样满怀希望，相信我们会实现。我向你们承诺---我们作为一个整体将会达成目标。

There will be setbacks and false starts. There are many who won’t agree with every decision or policy I make as President, and we know that government can’t solve every problem. But I will always be honest with you about the challenges we face. I will listen to you, especially when we disagree. And above all, I will ask you join in the work of remaking this nation the only way it’s been done in America for two-hundred and twenty-one years – block by block, brick by brick, calloused hand by calloused hand.
我们会遭遇挫折和不成功的开端。对于我作为总统所做的每项决定和政策，会有许多人持有异议，我们也知道政府并不能解决所有问题。但我会向你们坦陈我们所面临的挑战。我会聆听你们的意见，尤其是在我们意见相左之时。最重要的是，我会请求你们参与重建这个国家，以美国221年来从未改变的唯一方式---一砖一瓦而成、胼手胝足相续。

What began twenty-one months ago in the depths of winter must not end on this autumn night. This victory alone is not the change we seek – it is only the chance for us to make that change. And that cannot happen if we go back to the way things were. It cannot happen without you.
21个月前那个寒冬所开始的一切不应该在今天这个秋夜结束。今天的选举胜利并不是我们所寻求的改变---这只是我们进行改变的机会。而且如果我们仍然按照旧有方式行事，我们所寻求的改变不可能出现。没有你们，也不可能有这种改变。

So let us summon a new spirit of patriotism; of service and responsibility where each of us resolves to pitch in and work harder and look after not only ourselves, but each other. Let us remember that if this financial crisis taught us anything, it’s that we cannot have a thriving Wall Street while Main Street suffers – in this country, we rise or fall as one nation; as one people.
因此，让我们发扬新的爱国精神，树立新的服务意识和责任感，让我们每个人下定决心全情投入、更加努力地工作，并彼此关爱。让我们铭记这场金融危机带来的教训：我们不可能在金融以外的领域备受煎熬的同时拥有繁荣兴旺的华尔街---在这个国家，我们患难与共。

Let us resist the temptation to fall back on the same partisanship and pettiness and immaturity that has poisoned our politics for so long. Let us remember that it was a man from this state who first carried the banner of the Republican Party to the White House – a party founded on the values of self-reliance, individual liberty, and national unity. Those are values we all share, and while the Democratic Party has won a great victory tonight, we do so with a measure of humility and determination to heal the divides that have held back our progress. As Lincoln said to a nation far more divided than ours, “We are not enemies, but friends…though passion may have strained it must not break our bonds of affection.” And to those Americans whose support I have yet to earn – I may not have won your vote, but I hear your voices, I need your help, and I will be your President too.
让我们抵制重走老路的诱惑，避免重新回到令美国政治长期深受毒害的党派纷争和由此引发的遗憾和不成熟表现。让我们牢记，正是伊利诺伊州的一名男子首次将共和党的大旗扛到了白宫。共和党是建立在自强自立、个人自由以及全民团结的价值观上，这也是我们所有人都珍视的价值。虽然民主党今天晚上赢得了巨大的胜利，但我们是以谦卑的态度和弥合阻碍我们进步的分歧的决心赢得这场胜利的。林肯在向远比我们眼下分歧更大的国家发表讲话时说，我们不是敌人，而是朋友……虽然激情可能褪去，但是这不会割断我们感情上的联系。对于那些现在并不支持我的美国人，我想说，或许我没有赢得你们的选票，但是我听到了你们的声音，我需要你们的帮助，而且我也将是你们的总统。

And to all those watching tonight from beyond our shores, from parliaments and palaces to those who are huddled around radios in the forgotten corners of our world – our stories are singular, but our destiny is shared, and a new dawn of American leadership is at hand. To those who would tear this world down – we will defeat you. To those who seek peace and security – we support you. And to all those who have wondered if America’s beacon still burns as bright – tonight we proved once more that the true strength of our nation comes not from our the might of our arms or the scale of our wealth, but from the enduring power of our ideals: democracy, liberty, opportunity, and unyielding hope.
那些彻夜关注美国大选的海外人士，从国会到皇宫，以及在这个世界被遗忘的角落里挤在收音机旁的人们，我们的经历虽然各有不同，但是我们的命运是相通的，新的美国领袖诞生了。那些想要颠覆这个世界的人们，我们必将击败你们。那些追求和平和安全的人们，我们支持你们。那些所有怀疑美国能否继续照亮世界发展前景的人们，今天晚上我们再次证明，我们国家真正的力量并非来自我们武器的威力或财富的规模，而是来自我们理想的持久力量：民主、自由、机会和不屈的希望。

For that is the true genius of America – that America can change. Our union can be perfected. And what we have already achieved gives us hope for what we can and must achieve tomorrow.
这才是美国真正的精华---美国能够改变。我们的联邦会日臻完善。我们取得的成就为我们将来能够取得的以及必须取得的成就增添了希望。

This election had many firsts and many stories that will be told for generations. But one that’s on my mind tonight is about a woman who cast her ballot in Atlanta. She’s a lot like the millions of others who stood in line to make their voice heard in this election except for one thing – Ann Nixon Cooper is 106 years old.
这次大选创造了多项“第一”，也诞生了很多将世代流传的故事。但是今天晚上令我难忘的却是在亚特兰大投票的一名妇女：安•尼克松•库波尔(Ann Nixon Cooper)。她和其他数百万排队等待投票的选民没有什么差别，除了一点：她已是106岁的高龄。

She was born just a generation past slavery; a time when there were no cars on the road or planes in the sky; when someone like her couldn’t vote for two reasons – because she was a woman and because of the color of her skin.
她出生的那个时代奴隶制度刚刚结束；那时路上没有汽车，天上也没有飞机；当时像她这样的人由于两个原因不能投票－－一是她是女性，另一个原因是她的肤色。

And tonight, I think about all that she’s seen throughout her century in America – the heartache and the hope; the struggle and the progress; the times we were told that we can’t, and the people who pressed on with that American creed: Yes we can.
今天晚上，我想到了她在美国过去一百年间所经历的种种：心痛和希望；挣扎和进步；那些我们被告知我们办不到的世代，以及那些坚信美国信条---是的，我们能做到---的人们。

At a time when women’s voices were silenced and their hopes dismissed, she lived to see them stand up and speak out and reach for the ballot. Yes we can.
曾几何时，妇女没有发言权，她们的希望化作泡影，但是安•尼克松•库波尔活了下来，看到妇女们站了起来，看到她们大声发表自己的见解，看到她们去参加大选投票。是的，我们能做到。

When there was despair in the dust bowl and depression across the land, she saw a nation conquer fear itself with a New Deal, new jobs and a new sense of common purpose. Yes we can.
当30年代的沙尘暴和大萧条引发人们的绝望之情时，她看到一个国家用罗斯福新政、新就业机会以及对新目标的共同追求战胜恐慌。是的，我们能做到。

When the bombs fell on our harbor and tyranny threatened the world, she was there to witness a generation rise to greatness and a democracy was saved. Yes we can.
当炸弹袭击了我们的海港、独裁专制威胁到全世界，她见证了美国一代人的伟大崛起，见证了一个民主国家被拯救。是的，我们能做到。

She was there for the buses in Montgomery, the hoses in Birmingham, a bridge in Selma, and a preacher from Atlanta who told a people that “We Shall Overcome.” Yes we can.
她看到蒙哥马利通了公共汽车、伯明翰接上了水管、塞尔马建了桥，一位来自亚特兰大的传教士告诉人们：我们能成功。是的，我们能做到。

A man touched down on the moon, a wall came down in Berlin, a world was connected by our own science and imagination. And this year, in this election, she touched her finger to a screen, and cast her vote, because after 106 years in America, through the best of times and the darkest of hours, she knows how America can change. Yes we can.
人类登上月球、柏林墙倒下，世界因我们的科学和想像被连接在一起。今年，就在这次选举中，她用手指触碰屏幕投下自己的选票，因为在美国生活了106年之后，经历了最好的时光和最黑暗的时刻之后，她知道美国如何能够发生变革。是的，我们能做到。

America, we have come so far. We have seen so much. But there is so much more to do. So tonight, let us ask ourselves – if our children should live to see the next century; if my daughters should be so lucky to live as long as Ann Nixon Cooper, what change will they see? What progress will we have made?
美国，我们已经走过漫漫长路。我们已经历了很多。但是我们仍有很多事情要做。因此今夜，让我们自问---如果我们的孩子能够活到下个世纪；如果我们的女儿有幸活得和安一样长，他们将会看到怎样的改变？我们将会取得怎样的进步？

This is our chance to answer that call. This is our moment. This is our time – to put our people back to work and open doors of opportunity for our kids; to restore prosperity and promote the cause of peace; to reclaim the American Dream and reaffirm that fundamental truth – that out of many, we are one; that while we breathe, we hope, and where we are met with cynicism, and doubt, and those who tell us that we can’t, we will respond with that timeless creed that sums up the spirit of a people: Yes We Can.
现在是我们回答这个问题的机会。这是我们的时刻。这是我们的时代---让我们的人民重新就业，为我们的后代敞开机会的大门；恢复繁荣发展，推进和平事业；让“美国梦”重新焕发光芒，再次证明这样一个基本的真理：我们是一家人；一息尚存，我们就有希望；当我们遇到嘲讽和怀疑，当有人说我们办不到的时候，我们要以这个永恒的信条来回应他们：是的，我们能做到。

Thank you, God bless you, and may God Bless the United States of America.
感谢你们。上帝保佑你们。愿上帝保佑美利坚合众国。

                           同舟共济，互利共赢——在第七届亚欧首脑会议上的讲话

中华人民共和国国务院总理 温家宝

（2008年10月24日至25日）

Together, We Will Overcome Challenges And Achieve Win-Win Progress

Address by Wen Jiabao

Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China

At the Seventh Asia-Europe Meeting

24 - 25 October 2008

 各位同事：

　　Dear Colleagues,

　　今天，亚欧会议成员领导人聚首北京，共商亚欧对话合作、互利共赢大计。我代表中国政府，向大家表示热烈欢迎和诚挚的问候！

　　Today, leaders of ASEM partners have gathered in Beijing to explore ways for win-win progress through dialogue and cooperation between Asia and Europe. I wish to extend, on behalf of the Chinese Government, warm welcome and sincere greetings to you all.

　　当前，国际金融危机不断蔓延加剧，对世界经济增长和稳定造成严重冲击。能源、粮食、环境、自然灾害、贫困等全球性问题更加突出并且相互交织，人类发展面临严峻挑战。本次会议以"对话合作，互利共赢"为主题，反映了亚欧会议成员加强合作、实现共同发展的强烈政治意愿，具有重要的现实意义。我们将重点讨论如何应对国际金融危机，并就国际和地区形势以及粮食安全、救灾合作、可持续发展和文明对话等议题坦诚、务实、深入地交换意见，凝聚共识，开拓进取，为推动亚欧合作进程，促进世界和谐与可持续发展做出贡献。

　　The spread of worsening international financial crisis has seriously affected world economic growth and stability. Global issues such as energy, food, the environment, natural disasters and poverty have become more pronounced and intertwined. Mankind is facing severe challenges in the pursuit of development. The theme of the meeting - Vision and Action: Towards a Win-Win Solution is highly relevant, as it shows the strong political commitment of ASEM partners to closer cooperation and common development. We will focus our discussions on how to address the international financial crisis and exchange views on international and regional developments, food security, cooperation on disaster relief, sustainable development and dialogue among civilizations in a candid, pragmatic and in-depth manner. We will build consensus, work in a pioneering spirit, and make contribution to ASEM cooperation, world harmony and sustainable development.

　　这场金融危机是历史上罕见的，有关国家和组织已纷纷采取措施，希望能够尽快取得成效。全面化解和战胜危机还需要全球行动、合力应对。亚欧国家是维护国际金融稳定和促进世界经济增长的重要力量。我们要齐心协力，向世界展示信心、团结与合作。为此，我提出以下意见：

　　The ongoing financial crisis is rarely seen in history. Countries and organizations concerned have taken measures in response, and we hope these measures will produce the desired results soon. To comprehensively resolve and overcome the crisis calls for concerted efforts and global action. Countries in Asia and Europe are an important force for international financial stability and world economic growth. We must work together and show confidence, solidarity and cooperation to the world. I suggest that we make greater efforts in the following aspects:

　　第一，各国首先要把自己的事情办好。在危机面前，领导者要从人民的根本和长远利益出发，坚定、果断、负责、及时地作出决策，通过必要的财政、货币、监管等手段，尽快恢复市场信心，保持经济增长。同时还要妥善引导舆论，维护社会稳定。

　　First, countries should, first and foremost, run their own affairs well. In the face of the crisis, it is important for leaders to act in the fundamental and long-term interests of the people, make decisions in a firm, resolute, responsible and timely manner and use necessary fiscal, monetary and regulatory tools to restore market confidence as soon as possible and maintain economic growth. It is also important to offer proper guidance to public opinion and maintain social stability.

　　第二，加强政府间的协调与配合。各国财政部门、央行和金融监管机构应密切跟踪、研究危机发展趋势和影响，扩大信息交流，并在宏观经济政策协调和国际金融监管方面采取有效措施，提高共同防范风险的能力。

　　Second, step up coordination and collaboration among governments. The financial departments, central banks and financial regulators around the world should closely follow the development of the crisis and study its trend and impact, enhance information sharing, take effective measures on macroeconomic policy coordination and international financial regulation and increase capacity for jointly fending off financial risks.

　　第三，促进区域财金对话与合作。欧元区已就应对金融危机达成基本原则。亚洲地区也在探讨扩大东盟10+3框架下双边货币互换协议的规模，加快推进区域外汇储备库的建设进程。在此基础上，亚欧应发挥各自优势，充分利用现有机制，在更大范围上推进跨区域财金合作。

　Third, intensify regional financial dialogue and cooperation. Members of the Eurozone have reached agreement on the basic principles to tackle the financial crisis. We in Asia are also exploring the possibility of expanding the size of bilateral currency swap arrangements under the 10+3 framework and working to put in place a regional foreign exchange reserves pool at an earlier date. Building on this, Asia and Europe should bring into play their respective advantages and make full use of the existing mechanisms to advance inter-regional financial cooperation on a broader scale.

　　第四，推动改革国际货币金融体系。这场危机充分暴露了现行国际金融体系和治理结构的缺陷。国际社会纷纷要求加快改革步伐，建立公平、公正、有效的国际金融体系。我认为，一要增加发展中国家在国际金融组织中的发言权和代表性，二要扩大国际金融体系监管的覆盖面, 特别要增强对主要储备货币国的监督，三要建立合理的全球金融救助机制。

　　Fourth, push forward the reform of the international monetary and financial systems. The present crisis has laid bare the weaknesses in the existing international financial system and governance structure. The international community is calling for accelerated reform and the establishment of a fair, just and effective international financial system. I deem it important to do three things in this regard: first, increase the say and representation of developing countries in international financial organizations; second, expand the scope of the regulation of the international financial system, with particular emphasis on strengthening the supervision of the major reserve currency countries; and third, establish a reasonable global financial rescue mechanism.

　　我们要认真吸取金融危机的教训，处理好三个关系：一是金融创新与金融监管的关系。要根据需要和可能，稳步推进金融创新，同时加强金融监管。二是虚拟经济与实体经济的关系。要始终重视实体经济的发展，使经济建立在坚实可靠的基础上。虚拟经济要与实体经济相协调，更好地为实体经济服务。三是储蓄与消费的关系，要使消费与储蓄相协调。

　　We should draw serious lessons from the financial crisis and properly handle three relationships. First, the relationship between financial innovation and regulation. We should advance financial innovation in a steady manner according to needs and possibilities and at the same time strengthen financial regulation. Second, the relationship between virtual and real economy. We should always place importance on the development of real economy and put the economy on a solid and reliable basis. In addition, we should coordinate virtual economy with real economy and enable the former to better serve the latter. Third, the relationship between savings and consumption. We should see to it that consumption and savings are well-coordinated.

　　当前，中国经济基本面是好的，前三季度GDP仍保持了9.9%的增长速度。国际金融危机对中国金融和经济造成一定的影响，但这种影响是有限的、可控的，中国政府将采取灵活、审慎的宏观经济政策，坚决维护经济稳定、金融稳定和资本市场稳定，促进经济平稳较快增长。我对此抱有信心。这就是中国应对这场危机最重要、最有效的手段，也是对世界最大的贡献。

　　At present, the fundamentals of the Chinese economy are sound. China has maintained a GDP growth rate of 9.9% in the first three quarters of the year. The international financial crisis has some impact on China’s financial sector and the Chinese economy, but the impact is limited and can be managed. The Chinese Government will follow a flexible and prudent macroeconomic policy to resolutely maintain economic and financial stability and the stability of the capital market and ensure steady and relatively fast economic growth. I am confident that we will achieve our goals. This will be China’s most significant and effective response to the crisis and also our biggest contribution to the world.

　　同事们：

　　Dear Colleagues,

　　在全球化深入发展的时代，国与国之间相互依存日益加深，同处一个大陆的亚欧国家更是如此。我们要坚持对话合作、互利共赢的正确方向，增强亚欧会议的有效性、务实性和开放性，为地区人民谋福祉，推动亚欧合作迈上新台阶。

　　In the era of growing globalization, countries are becoming more and more interdependent. This is especially true with Asian and European countries, which share one continent. We should stick to the right approach of dialogue and cooperation for win-win progress and make ASEM more effective, pragmatic and open so as to bring benefits to the people and lift Asia-Europe cooperation to a new height.

　　--加强政治对话，维护地区和平与稳定。没有和平，不可能有持续的发展和持久的繁荣。应恪守联合国宪章的宗旨和原则，通过对话协商解决分歧和争端；推进多边主义，弘扬民主、和睦、协作、共赢的精神，推动建设和谐世界。

　　— Strengthen political dialogue and maintain peace and stability in Asia and Europe. There can be no durable development and prosperity without peace. We should keep to the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, resolve differences and disputes through dialogue and consultation, advance multilateralism, promote democracy, harmony, coordination and win-win progress and work for the building of a harmonious world.

　--深化经贸合作，促进经济增长。经济发展是解决全球性问题的重要基础。在当前金融危机的形势下，要特别防止贸易和投资保护主义。亚欧国家要加强贸易与投资合作，落实亚欧会议《贸易便利行动计划》和《投资促进计划》；加强磋商与协调，推动多哈回合谈判早日取得积极进展。为进一步促进亚欧贸易发展，中方倡议探讨建立亚欧贸易安全与便利多边合作机制，为亚欧贸易增长创造良好条件。

　　— Deepen business cooperation and promote economic growth. Economic development constitutes an important basis for the resolution of global issues. Given the current financial crisis, it is of particular importance to prevent trade and investment protectionism. We should strengthen trade and investment cooperation between countries in Asia and Europe, implement the ASEM Trade Facilitation Action Plan and Investment Promotion Action Plan, intensify consultation and coordination and work for early progress in the Doha Round negotiations. To further promote trade between Asia and Europe, China proposes that we explore the possibility of establishing a multilateral cooperation mechanism for ASEM trade security and facilitation to create enabling conditions for trade growth between the two regions.

 　--坚持以人为本，推动可持续发展。要积极推进国际发展合作，加大减贫力度，为域内发展中国家提供更多的帮助，推动联合国千年发展目标如期实现；坚持"共同但有区别的责任"原则，在《联合国气候变化框架公约》及《京都议定书》框架下，开展应对气候变化国际合作，推动落实"巴厘路线图"；加强能源领域的技术合作，提高能效，节约能源；维护社会公平正义，促进社会和谐，使发展成果惠及全体人民。为促进亚欧城市可持续发展，中方倡议建立亚欧生态城网络，加强经验交流，推广生态文明的理念。

　　— Put people first and pursue sustainable development. We should actively promote international development cooperation, redouble efforts in poverty reduction, provide more assistance to developing countries within our regions and strive for the achievement of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals on schedule. We should adhere to the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities”, carry out international cooperation on climate change in keeping with the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol, and implement the “Bali Roadmap”. We should strengthen technological cooperation to improve energy efficiency and conserve energy. We should promote social harmony by upholding justice and equity and ensure that the benefits of development are shared by all the people. In order to achieve sustainable development of Asian and European cities, China proposes the establishment of an ASEM Eco-City Network to facilitate exchange of experience and promote the concept of conservation culture.

　　--维护粮食安全，促进救灾合作。要高度重视农业发展，将粮食安全放在发展政策的突出位置，采取综合性中长期措施，提高农业生产力；加强国际协调，抑制过度投机，完善粮食贸易体制，建立公平合理的国际农产品贸易秩序；加强减灾救灾领域合作，最大限度地减轻灾害风险及其造成的损失。为此，中国提出亚欧救灾能力建设合作倡议，促进区域内各国在减灾和灾害管理方面的合作。

　　— Maintain food security and promote cooperation on disaster relief. We should place high importance on agriculture, accord food security greater priority in our development policies and adopt integrated mid-to-long-term measures to raise agricultural productivity. We should intensify international coordination to curb excessive speculation, improve the food trading system and establish a fair and equitable international trading order for agricultural products. We should step up cooperation in disaster reduction and relief to minimize the risk of disasters and their damages. To this end, we wish to put forward an initiative on ASEM Cooperation on Disaster Relief Capacity Building to strengthen cooperation on disaster reduction and management among Asian and European countries.

　　--推动文明对话，促进社会开放和包容。只有开放兼容，国家才能富强，亚欧大陆才能兴旺。我们要继承和发扬亚欧文化交流的传统，利用现代交通、信息技术提供的便利，丰富交流内涵和形式，提高青年和媒体的参与度。为此，中国倡议在亚欧国家间轮流举办亚欧文化艺术节。

　　— Promote dialogue among civilizations and build open and inclusive societies. Only by being open and inclusive can a country prosper and can our continent prosper. We should build on the tradition of cultural exchanges between Asia and Europe, take advantage of modern transport and information technologies to enrich the contents and diversify the forms of exchanges and increase the participation of the young people and the media. With this in mind, China proposes that countries in Asia and Europe take turns to host the ASEM Culture and Arts Festival.

　　同事们：

　　Dear Colleagues,

　　今年是中国改革开放30周年。这30年也是中国与国际社会开展对话合作、实现互利共赢的历程。中国通过改革开放，使国家的政治、经济、社会面貌焕然一新，大幅度提升了综合国力，与地区和世界经济的融合度日益加深。中国更加积极和全面地参与解决国际热点问题、联合国维和行动以及扶贫减灾合作和国际社会文化交流。中国的改革开放不仅造福了中国人民，也为世界的发展提供了巨大的机遇和活力。我们将坚定不移地走和平发展道路，坚持改革开放，继续贯彻独立自主的和平外交政策，为促进人类和平、合作、发展的崇高事业作出不懈努力。

　　This year marks the 30th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-up program. In the past 30 years, China has engaged in dialogue and cooperation and achieved win-win progress with the rest of the world. Reform and opening-up have transformed China’s political, economic and social outlook, significantly enhanced its overall national strength, and integrated the Chinese economy more closely with that of the region and the world. China has been playing a more active and extensive role in the settlement of international hotspot issues, UN peacekeeping operations, cooperation on poverty alleviation and disaster reduction and international social and cultural exchanges. Reform and opening-up have not only brought enormous benefits to the Chinese people but also offered tremendous opportunities for and instilled vitality in global development. We will remain committed to the path of peaceful development, unswervingly pursue reform and opening-up, adhere to an independent foreign policy of peace, and work tirelessly for the noble cause of peace, cooperation and development of mankind.

　　在抗震救灾和举办北京奥运会过程中，我们始终坚持对外开放与国际合作，得到了广泛理解、支持和帮助。在此，我谨代表中国政府和人民向亚欧各国和国际社会表示诚挚的感谢！

　　In our efforts to fight against the earthquake disaster and host the Beijing Olympic Games, we were committed to opening-up and international cooperation, and received broad understanding, support and assistance. On behalf of the Chinese Government and people, I wish to take this opportunity to express sincere gratitude to our ASEM partners and the entire international community.

　　同事们：

　　Dear Colleagues,

 亚欧会议12年的历程证明，只有交流才会进步，只有互利才能合作，只有共赢才有未来。回首过去，成就令人鼓舞。面向未来，任重而道远。让我们坚定对话合作、互利共赢的信念，同舟共济，并肩努力，谱写亚欧合作更加壮丽的新篇章！

　　ASEM’s development in the past twelve years shows that exchanges lead to progress, mutual benefit sustains cooperation and win-win progress ensures a bright future. Reviewing the past, we feel encouraged by our achievements. Looking forward, we are fully aware of our heavy responsibilities and the challenges ahead. Let us strengthen our conviction that with dialogue and cooperation, we can achieve mutual benefit and win-win progress. Let us work together to overcome challenges and write an even more splendid chapter in the annals of Asia-Europe cooperation.

　　谢谢大家！

　　Thank you.

时间：2008年10月22日

地点：广西南宁

尊敬的各位嘉宾，女士们，先生们，朋友们：

 Distinguished Guests,

 Ladies and Gentlemen,

 Friends,

 我很高兴出席第五届中国—东盟商务与投资峰会，在此，我谨代表中国政府，对莅临会议的东盟国家领导人和各位嘉宾表示热烈的欢迎！

I am very pleased to attend the Fifth China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit. On behalf of the Chinese Government, I wish to extend a warm welcome to the leaders of ASEAN countries and all the guests at the meeting.

中国与东盟各国政府高度重视发展友好关系和互利合作。自2004年首次举办中国━东盟博览会和商务与投资峰会以来，双方积极推进中国━东盟自由贸易区建设，先后签署并实施货物贸易协议、服务贸易协议，不断降低关税水平和扩大市场准入，深化大湄公河、东盟东部增长区等次区域经济合作，推动贸易和投资更加便利化。中国与东盟贸易额由2004年的1059亿美元增加到2007年的2025亿美元，提前三年实现双方领导人提出的2000亿美元的贸易目标。今年1-9月，双方贸易额达1804亿美元，比去年同期增长23%,已互为第四大贸易伙伴。相互投资不断扩大，东盟对华投资已形成相当规模，中国企业对东盟投资快速增长。东盟10国都已成为中国公民的旅游目的国，人员往来更加频繁。双方各领域合作呈现出平等互信、互利共赢的良好发展态势。

Governments of China and ASEAN countries all give high priority to developing friendly relations and mutually-beneficial cooperation between the two sides. Since the First China-ASEAN Expo (CAEXPO) and China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit (CABIS) in 2004, our two sides have made great efforts to advance the building of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area. We have signed and put into effect the agreements on trade in goods and services, lowered tariff duties and expanded market access, deepened sub-regional economic cooperation in the Greater Mekong River Basin and East ASEAN Growth Area, and promoted trade and investment facilitation. The trade volume between China and ASEAN increased from 105.9 billion U.S. dollars in 2004 to 202.5 billion U.S. dollars in 2007, attaining the trade target of 200 billion U.S. dollars set by our leaders three years ahead of schedule. During the first nine months of this year, our two-way trade volume reached 180.4 billion dollars, up by 23% over the same period of last year and making China and ASEAN each other's fourth largest trading partner. Our mutual investment is expanding. While ASEAN makes considerable amount of investment in China, the investment of Chinese businesses in ASEAN is growing rapidly. With all the 10 ASEAN countries becoming tourist destinations of Chinese citizens, mutual visits between our people have become even more frequent. As a result, China-ASEAN cooperation in various fields has shown good momentum of growth featuring equality, mutual trust, mutual benefit and win-win progress.

中国和东盟各国同处于经济快速发展的阶段，山水相连，文化相通，经济互补，加强合作不仅具有牢固的基础，而且具有巨大的潜力。当前，国际经济不确定不稳定因素明显增多，美国金融危机继续蔓延，国际金融市场动荡加剧，世界经济增长明显减缓，对亚洲地区已产生重大影响。面对这样前所未有的挑战，加快推进中国与东盟合作具有特别重要的意义。为此，我愿就加强中国━东盟经贸合作提出以下建议：

China and ASEAN countries are all at a stage of fast economic growth. We are connected by the same mountains and rivers. We share similar cultures and have much to offer each other economically. This has given us a solid foundation and huge potential for closer cooperation. Amidst the rising uncertainties and destabilizing factors in the world economy, continued expansion of the financial crisis in the United States and increased volatility in the international financial market, the global economic growth has markedly slowed down, causing a severe impact on the Asian region. In face of such unprecedented challenges, it is of special importance to accelerate China-ASEAN cooperation. With this in mind, I wish to make the following proposals on strengthening China-ASEAN business cooperation: 

（一）深化贸易和投资合作。进一步深化双方货物贸易、服务贸易合作。继续就《中国━东盟自贸区投资协议》加强沟通协商，力争早日结束谈判并签署协议，确保如期建成中国━东盟自贸区。中国政府将鼓励和支持企业进一步加大对东盟国家的投资，推动在东盟国家建立经济贸易合作区。

1. Deepen cooperation in trade and investment. The two sides need to further deepen cooperation in trade in goods and services, continue to strengthen communication and consultation on the Investment Agreement of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area, work to conclude negotiations and sign the agreement at an early date and ensure that China-ASEAN Free Trade Area will be established as scheduled. The Chinese Government will encourage and support companies to increase their investment in ASEAN countries and facilitate the building of economic and trade cooperation zones in ASEAN countries.

（二）加强次区域合作。中方积极支持东盟经济一体化建设，与有关国家共同推动大湄公河次区域由交通走廊向经济走廊转型，探讨开展泛北部湾经济合作。中国政府将支持加快北部湾经济区开放开发，使之成为中国━东盟合作新的增长极。

2. Step up sub-regional cooperation. As an active supporter of ASEAN economic integration, China is working with countries concerned to jointly promote the transition of the Greater Mekong Subregion from a transport corridor to an economic corridor and explore ways to carry out economic cooperation in the Pan-Beibu Bay. The Chinese Government will support the accelerated opening-up and development of Beibu Bay Economic Zone and turn it into a new area of growth for China-ASEAN cooperation.

（三）完善合作机制。进一步发挥现有沟通与合作机制的作用，继续办好中国━东盟博览会和商务与投资峰会，推动多层次、多领域交流对话。鼓励中介机构为企业合作提供服务，特别是支持中小企业开展更有效的合作。

3. Improve cooperation mechanisms. We should give better play to the role of the existing communication and cooperation mechanisms, continue to do a good job in hosting the CAEXPO and the CABIS and promote exchanges and dialogue at various levels andin various fields. We should encourage intermediary agencies to provide services for cooperation between companies from the two sides, in particular those facilitating more effective cooperation between small and medium-sized companies.

（四）共同应对挑战。顺应经济全球化的潮流，加强区域经济合作，有利于抓住发展机遇，应对重大挑战。中方将继续以负责任的态度，与东盟各国加强在金融、能源、环保、粮食安全等领域的协调与合作，共同促进本地区经济金融稳定健康发展。

 4. Jointly respond to challenges. To follow the trend of economic globalization and strengthen regional economic cooperation will help us better seize development opportunities and meet major challenges. China will step up coordination and cooperation with ASEAN countries in finance, energy, environmental protection, food security and other fields with a responsible attitude to jointly promote the steady and sound economic and financial growth of the region.

女士们，先生们，朋友们！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Friends,

对中国来说，今年是极不平凡的一年。在国际形势发生复杂变化和国内出现突发性困难的情况下，我们继续保持经济较快增长和金融安全稳定，夺取了汶川特大地震抗震救灾重大胜利，成功举办北京奥运会、残奥会，圆满完成神舟七号载人航天飞行任务。这充分显示出中国改革开放30年奠定的坚实国力基础。总的看，中国经济发展的基本面没有改变，正朝着宏观调控的预期方向发展。今年前三季度，国内生产总值同比增长9.9%，近几个月物价涨幅逐步回落。当前，最重要的是把自己的事情办好。中国政府已经并将继续采取措施应对外部冲击，努力保持经济稳定、金融稳定、资本市场稳定。我们有信心、有条件、有能力战胜各种困难和挑战。

This year is a challenging year for China. In spite of the complex changes in the international situation and the unexpected difficulties at home, we have maintained fast economic growth and financial security and stability, won a major victory in our battle against the devastating Wenchuan earthquake, successfully hosted the Beijing Olympic and Paralympic Games and completed the Shenzhou 7 manned space flight mission with flying colors. These achievements speak volume for the solid national strength China has accumulated in the past thirty years of reform and opening-up. On the whole, the fundamentals of the Chinese economy remain unchanged and macro control and regulation is producing expected results. In the first three quarters of this year, China's GDP grew by 9.9% year on year and the commodity price rise has slowed down in recent months. The most important task for us now is to manage our own things well. The Chinese Government has taken and will continue to take measures to meet external challenges, and work to ensure economic stability, financial stability and the stability of the capital market. We have the confidence, conditions and capabilities to overcome any difficulty or challenge.

中国的发展将为世界各国特别是周边国家带来更多机遇。我们将坚定不移地走中国特色社会主义道路，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，加快转变经济发展方式，灵活审慎地调整宏观经济政策，着力扩大国内需求特别是消费需求，努力实现发展的速度与结构、质量、效益相统一，促进国民经济持续平稳较快发展。中国将继续推进改革开放，实施互利共赢的开放战略，推动贸易和投资自由化、便利化，反对任何形式的保护主义。我们将始终不渝走和平发展道路，坚持与邻为善、以邻为伴，加强同周边国家的睦邻友好和务实合作，努力以自身的发展促进本地区的共同发展。

 China's development will bring more opportunities to countries in the world, especially our neighbors. We will remain committed to the socialist path with distinctive Chinese features, fully apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, speed up the transformation of the mode of economic growth, readjust macro economic policies in a flexible and prudent manner, and work to boost domestic demand, consumption demand in particular. We will not only focus on the speed of development but also pay attention to the pattern, quality and efficiency of such development so as to bring about sustained, stable and fast economic growth. China will continue to push forward reform and opening-up, follow a win-win strategy of opening-up, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and oppose protectionism in all manifestations. We will continue to pursue peaceful development, adhere to the principle of building amicable relationship and partnership with our neighbors, enhance good-neighborly, friendly and practical cooperation with our neighboring countries, and contribute to the common development of the region through our own development.

 广西作为中国━东盟博览会和商务与投资峰会的举办地，在推动中国与东盟合作中具有独特的优势和重要的作用。希望中国和东盟国家各界朋友充分运用这个平台，加强交流，增进了解，努力达成更多的合作成果，为不断扩大中国与东盟经贸合作，巩固和发展战略伙伴关系作出新贡献。

As the host of the CAEXPO and the CABIS, Guangxi is uniquely positioned to play an important role in promoting China-ASEAN cooperation. I hope that our Chinese and ASEAN friends from all sectors can make full use of this platform to strengthen exchanges, increase mutual understanding and enhance fruitful cooperation, and make new contribution to China-ASEAN business cooperation and China-ASEAN strategic partnership.

祝本届中国━东盟博览会和商务与投资峰会圆满成功！

I wish the China-ASEAN Expo and the China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit a complete success.

谢谢大家。

Thank you.

坚持改革开放　坚持和平发展
━━在第６３届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言

    中华人民共和国国务院总理　温家宝

（２００８年９月２４日）

Mr President,
主席先生：

For China, this has been a special year. We experienced two major events. One was the devastating earthquake in Wenchuan, which causes grave losses of life and property. In the face of the disaster, the Chinese people showed great strength, courage, solidarity and resilience. By now, the people affected by the earthquake have been properly relocated and recovery and reconstruction work is well underway. The other was the successful hosting of the Beijing Olympic Games. Thisgrand sporting event provided a good opportunity for athletes from around the world to show true sportsmanship. It also enabled the world to learn more about China and China more about the world. In our fight against the earthquake disaster and our efforts to host the Games, we received understanding, support and assistance from the international community. I wish to take this opportunity to express sincere gratitude on behalf of the Chinese Government and people.
今年，对于中国来说，是不平凡的一年。我们经历了两件大事：第一件事是汶川特大地震灾害造成了巨大的生命财产损失。中国人民在灾难面前表现了坚强、勇敢、团结和不屈不挠的精神。目前，受灾群众得到了妥善安置，恢复重建工作正在有条不紊地展开。第二件事是北京奥运会成功举办。这一体育盛会不仅为来自世界各地的运动员展示风采创造了良好的条件，而且让世界更多地了解中国，让中国更多地了解世界。在抗震救灾和举办奥运会的过程中，我们得到了国际社会的广泛理解、支持和帮助。在此，我代表中国政府和人民表示诚挚的感谢。

Now the whole world wants to know in what direction China is heading, both politically and economically, after the Beijing Olympic Games. Let me tell you in unequivocal terms that China will remain committed to the path of peaceful development, unswervingly pursue reform and opening-up, and continue to adhere toan independent foreign policy of peace. This is in the fundamental interests of the Chinese people and the people of all other countries. It is also in keeping with the trend of the world.
世界都在关注北京奥运会后中国政治经济走向。我可以明确地告诉大家，中国将继续坚定不移地走和平发展道路，继续坚持改革开放不动摇，继续贯彻独立自主的和平外交政策。这符合中国人民的根本利益，也符合世界人民的根本利益，顺应世界潮流。

The just concluded Olympic Games was held in China, the largest developing country in the world. The international community has highly commended the efforts made by the Chinese Government and people for the Games. And its success has greatly inspired the Chinese people and given them even more confidence and strength to achieve modernization of the country. At the same time, however, we are soberly aware that China is a country with 1.3 billion people. Though its total GDP is one of the highest in the world, it trails behind more than 100 countries in terms of per capita income. Development between urban and rural areas and among different regions in China is unbalanced. The rural areas, particularly those in western hina, are under developed. Tens of millions of Chinese lack adequate food and clothing. China is still a developing country, where productivity remains low and further development is constrained by the shortage of resources and energy and environmental consequences. Our socialist market economic system, democracy and the rule of law need to be further improved, and certain outstanding social issues are yet to be resolved. To achieve China's modernization is a daunting task and we still have a long way to go. Both the opportunities and challenges, dedicated ourselves to nation-building and focus on development. This is what the Chinese Government and people have been thinking and doing.
这次北京奥运会是在中国这样一个最大的发展中国家举行的。国际社会对中国政府和人民为此做出的努力给予了高度评价。奥运会的成功举办，使中国人民受到了极大的鼓舞，增强了实现现代化的信心和力量。同时，我们清醒地看到，中国有13亿人口，虽然经济总量已经位居世界前列，但人均收入水平仍排在世界100位之后，城乡发展和区域发展很不平衡，农村特别是西部地区农村还很落后，还有数以千万计的人口没有解决温饱。中国仍然是一个发展中国家，生产力不发达的状况没有根本改变，进一步发展还受到资源、能源、环境等瓶颈的制约。中国的社会主义市场经济体制还不完善，民主法制还不健全，一些社会问题还比较突出。中国实现现代化的任务还很繁重，道路还很漫长。摆在我们面前的机遇和挑战都是空前的。抓住机遇，迎接挑战，聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展，这就是中国政府和中国人民的理念和行动。

People may ask: How does China achieve its development? The answer is through reform and opening-up. This year marks the 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening-up policy, a policy that fundamentally changed the closed, backward and ossified situation which had existed in China for years. It is a policy that freed people's mind and aroused their initiative, liberated the productive forces, generated great economic and social progress, and instilled vigor and vitality into the country. Without this policy, there would not have been such changes in China in the last 30 years. To achieve the goal of modernization and build a strong, prosperous, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious country, we will stick to the reform and opening-up policy. It is a choice of vital importance to the development of China today. It is also a strategy that will shape China's future. We are firm in carrying this policy forward. The Chinese nation has all along cherished the fine tradition and benefited from the wisdom of being open to new ideas and drawing on the strengths of others. The Chinese people economic and political restructuring and reform in other fields can lead to sustained economic growth and social progress, and only continued opening-up in an all-round way can lead the country to greater national strength and prosperity. This is the conclusion we have drawn both from our practice and exploration and from historical experiences.
中国发展靠什么？靠改革开放。今年是中国改革开放30周年。改革开放从根本上改变了中国长期封闭落后和沉闷僵化的状况，打破了束缚人们的思想桎梏，调动了亿万人民群众的积极性，大大解放了生产力，有力地推动了经济社会的大发展，给中国大地带来了蓬勃生机和活力。中国30年的变化，得益于改革开放。中国要实现富强民主文明和谐的现代化目标，仍然要靠改革开放。改革开放是决定当代中国命运的关键抉择，也是决定中国未来前途的战略方向。中国坚持改革开放的政策是坚定不移的。中华民族自古以来就有崇尚革新、兼收并蓄、博采众长的优秀传统和智慧。今天，中国人更从30年改革开放的切身经验中体会到，只有不断而深入地推进经济体制、政治体制等各项改革，才是经济发展和社会进步的永恒动力；只有全面而持久地扩大对外开放，才是国家富强和民族繁荣的正确道路。这不但是实践探索的结论，也是历史经验的总结。

Mr. President,
主席先生：

The world needs peace, for only with peace can there be development. China earnestly hopes to have a peaceful international environment in order to achieve its development goals. The Chinese Government is committed to an independent foreign policy of peace and stands ready to work with other countries to advance the noble cause of peace and progress of mankind.
世界需要和平，和平才能发展。中国要实现自己的发展目标，渴望有一个和平的国际环境。中国政府坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，愿同各国加强合作，共同促进人类和平与发展的崇高事业。

Respect for sovereignty and non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries is the prerequisite for sound state-to-state relations. The Chinese people have learned from their modern history of humiliation that when a country loses sovereignty, its people lose dignity and status. China is firming in upholding its hard-won sovereignty and territorial integrity and will never tolerate any external interference. Following the principle of treating each other as equals, China also respects the sovereignty and territorial integrity of other countries as well as the independent choice of their people for social systems and development paths.
尊重主权和互不干涉内政是国与国之间发展关系的前提。近代屈辱的历史使中国人民懂得，一个国家丧失主权，人民就没有尊严和地位。中国坚决捍卫来之不易的国家主权和领土完整，决不允许任何外来干涉。同时，中国坚持平等相待，尊重别国的主权和领土完整，尊重各国人民自主选择的社会制度和发展道路。

China is ready to develop friendly relations with all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit rather than on ideology or political system. In handling international affairs, we make our own judgment on the merit of each case and take our position in light of our national interests and the well being of theworld's people. We will neither blindly follow the position of others nor give way to the pressure of any forces. In international relations, China does not seek to build alliance or become a leader and will never do so in the future.
中国愿意在平等互利基础上，同所有国家发展友好关系，不以意识形态和社会制度定亲疏。在国际事务中，我们依照事情本身的是非曲直独立作出判断，根据国家利益和世界人民的福祉决定自己的立场，不盲从，不屈服于任何势力。在国际关系中，中国不结盟，更不当头，而且永远不结盟、不当头。

Peaceful settlement of international disputes is a founding purpose of the United Nations and a basic principle of international law. China is committed to addressing issues left over from history and current differences with other countries through dialogue and negotiation. As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China will continue to play an active and constructive role in promoting peaceful settlement of international hotspot issues and regional conflicts.
和平解决国际争端是联合国的宗旨，也是国际法的基本原则。中国坚持以对话和协商的方式处理与其它国家的历史遗留问题和现实分歧。同时，作为联合国安理会常任理事国，中国将一如既往地为推动和平解决国际热点问题和地区冲突发挥积极的建设性作用。

China's development is peaceful in nature. It will not harm anyone or pose a threat to anyone. China does not seek hegemony now, nor will it do so in the future. China keeps and develops an appropriate level of military capability solely for the purpose of safeguarding China's sovereignty and territorial integrity. The confidence and pride of the Chinese nation today are based on China's economic development, social justice, civility of the people and moral trength. China will, through its own development, contribute to peace and development of the world.
中国的发展是和平的发展，不会损害任何人，也不会威胁任何人。中国现在不称霸，将来也绝不称霸。中国保持和发展适当的军事力量，完全是为了维护国家主权和领土完整。当代中华民族的自信和荣光是建立在经济发展、社会公正、国民素质和道德力量的基础之上的。中国将以自身的发展促进世界的和平与发展。

Mr. President,
主席先生：

In the long history of mankind, the destinies of countries have never been soclosely linked as they are today. Given the global nature of issues threatening the survival and development of mankind such as climate warming, environmental degradation, resources constraints, frequent outbreaks of diseases and natural disasters and the spread of terrorism, and in the face of the intertwining challenges of finance, energy and food, no country can expect to stay away fromthe difficulties or handle the problems all by itself. The ongoing financial volatility, in particular, has affected many countries and its impact is likely to become more serious. To tackle the challenge, we must all make concerted efforts.So long as people of all countries, especially their leaders, can do away with hostility, estrangement and prejudice, treat each other with sincerity and an openmind, and forge ahead hand in hand, mankind will overcome all difficulties and embrace a brighter and better future. China, as a responsible major developing country, is ready to work with other members of the international community to strengthen cooperation, share opportunities, meet challenges and contribute to the harmonious and sustainable development of the world.
在人类漫长的发展史上，世界各国的命运从未像今天这样紧密相连，休戚与共。面对气候变暖、环境恶化、资源紧缺、疫病和自然灾害频发、恐怖主义蔓延等一系列威胁人类生存和发展的全球性问题，面对当前金融、能源、粮食三大难题交织爆发的严峻局面，任何一个国家都无法置身其外，也难以单独应对。特别是当前国际金融动荡，已经波及许多国家，影响还会加剧，各国应当通力合作，迎接挑战。全世界的人们，包括各国的领导者，只要消除敌视、隔阂和偏见，以包容开放的胸怀坦诚相待，携手前行，人类一定会战胜各种困难，也一定会拥有一个更加光明美好的未来。中国作为一个负责的发展中大国，愿与国际社会一道，加强合作，共同分享机遇，应对挑战，为推动实现世界的和谐与可持续发展贡献力量。

Thank you.
谢谢大家！

尊敬的克劳斯·施瓦布主席，尊敬的各位来宾，

女士们，先生们：

2008年夏季达沃斯论坛在天津召开。首先，我谨代表中国政府，并以我个人的名义表示热烈的祝贺！对各位来宾表示诚挚的欢迎！

达沃斯论坛创办37年来，已成为国际交流与对话的重要平台，为世界的发展和进步发挥了积极作用。去年达沃斯论坛在中国大连成功举办了首届夏季年会，今年又在天津举办第二届年会。我们为论坛的发展和成就，为论坛与中国的进一步合作感到由衷的高兴。

北京刚刚举办了奥运会，为世界各国运动员提供了展示风采的舞台，同时也向世界展示了中国的新风貌。今天，我们能够成功举办这样的世界体育盛会，说明中国的综合国力有了大幅度提升，这是改革开放的成果。

今年是中国改革开放30周年。30年前的中国是个什么样子？那时，我们刚刚结束了“文化大革命”，整个国家处于封闭半封闭的落后状况，国民经济走到了崩溃的边缘。中国向何处去？这个重大而紧迫的问题摆在了中国人民面前。我们坚持解放思想，实事求是，选择了改革开放的道路，这是决定当代中国命运的关键抉择。

中国的改革发端于农村。开始时是涓涓细流，后来发展成势不可挡的洪流。改革从农村到城市，从经济领域到政治、文化和社会等各个领域。中国的开放则从建立深圳等四个经济特区到沿海、沿江、沿边城市，再到全方位、多层次的全面开放。我们成功实现了从高度集中的计划经济体制到充满活力的社会主义市场经济体制、从封闭半封闭状态到全方位对外开放的历史性转变。确立了社会主义初级阶段的基本经济制度，建立了适应市场经济要求的现代企业制度，形成了统一开放竞争有序的现代市场体系，建立了以经济手段和法律手段为主的宏观调控体系，完善了按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度，逐步健全以公平正义为目标的社会保障等体系。同时，推进了教育、文化、科技、卫生等社会领域的改革，推进了以社会主义民主政治建设为主要内容的政治体制改革，确立依法治国、建设法治国家的方略。

改革开放从根本上改变了中国长期闭关锁国和沉闷僵化的状况，打破了束缚人们的思想和体制桎梏，极大地调动了亿万人民群众的积极性和创造性，给中国大地带来了蓬勃的生机和活力，有力地推动了经济社会的大发展。中国经济连续30年保持高速增长，国内生产总值占全球的比重由1978年的1%上升到2007年的5%以上，对外贸易总额占全球的比重由不足1%上升到8%左右。广大人民群众真正从改革开放中得到了实惠，实现了从温饱不足到总体小康的转变。更为重要的是，改革开放使整个社会活跃起来了，人们能够自由地依靠自己的勤劳、节俭和智慧创造幸福美好的生活。

女士们，先生们：

中国30年的变化，得益于改革开放。中国要实现富强民主文明和谐的现代化目标，仍然要靠改革开放。中国正处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段，经济社会还存在许多不容忽视的问题，城乡之间、地区之间、经济与社会发展之间不平衡、不协调，经济发展方式粗放，人口、资源、环境压力大，劳动就业、社会保障、收入分配、教育卫生等方面问题仍然较多，还有贪污腐败现象严重等问题。解决这些问题归根到底要靠深化改革。只有坚持改革开放，坚定不移地走中国特色社会主义道路，国家才有光明的前途，从这个意义上说，改革开放一定要贯穿中国现代化建设的全过程。

——我们要继续深化经济体制改革。进一步完善基本经济制度，健全市场体系；深化财税、金融体制改革，完善宏观调控体系。当前，特别要加快资源性产品价格形成机制改革，更好地发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用；继续深化国有企业股份制改革，健全现代企业制度；进一步完善公共财政体系和转移支付制度，全面推进增值税转型改革；建立健全资源有偿使用制度和生态环境补偿机制，适时推进资源税制度改革；大力发展各类金融市场，促进资本市场稳定健康发展，完善人民币汇率形成机制，逐步实现资本项目可兑换。通过深化改革，使整个体制更加适应现代经济发展的要求。

——我们要继续推进政治体制改革和其他方面改革。人民民主是社会主义的生命，没有民主，就没有社会主义。我们不仅要通过发展经济改善人民生活，还要通过民主法制建设保障人民的民主权利，实现社会公平和正义。我们要建设社会主义法治国家，依法管理国家事务和社会事务，创造条件让人民更有效地批评和监督政府，努力造就人人心情舒畅、生动活泼的政治局面，促进社会和谐。要办好人民满意的教育，让每个孩子都能上得起学、上好学；建立基本医疗卫生制度，让全体人民都享有基本医疗保障；加快健全覆盖城乡的社会保障体系，更好地关爱社会弱势群体，让全体人民共享改革和发展成果。

——我们要进一步拓展对外开放的深度和广度。开放也是改革，只有开放兼容，国家才能富强。中国的对外开放是长期的、全面的、互利的。一切有利于对外开放的政策，我们都会坚持下去。我们要不断学习和借鉴人类创造的一切优秀文明成果。我们积极参与经济全球化的进程，推动建设公正合理的国际贸易体系和金融体制，坚定地支持多哈回合谈判早日达成平衡的结果，支持完善国际贸易准则，推进贸易投资自由化便利化，继续在多边经贸体系中发挥建设性作用。继续深化涉外经济体制改革，完善涉外经济法律法规和政策，扩大市场准入，加大知识产权保护力度，改善外商来华投资兴业环境。一个制度更加完善、社会充满活力、持续稳定发展、对外更加开放的中国，不仅有利于增加13亿中国人民的福祉，而且必将对世界和平与发展做出更大的贡献。

女士们，先生们：

今年初，我曾经讲过，今年是中国经济最为困难的一年。我国遭受了严重的雨雪冰冻灾害和特大地震灾害，又面临国内外复杂多变的环境。我们克服重重困难，保持了经济的平稳较快发展态势。上半年国内生产总值同比增长10.4%；农业发展势头良好，夏粮连续五年增产；投资、消费、出口三大需求增长趋向平衡，经济发展协调性增强；产业结构调整加快，节能减排取得明显成效，财政收入和企业利润保持较快增长，发展质量和效益进一步提高；城镇就业持续增加，城乡居民收入继续提高；近几个月来，居民消费价格指数逐月回落。总的看，中国经济发展的基本面没有改变，正朝着宏观调控的预期方向发展。

大家很关心中国经济能不能继续保持平稳较快发展。我的看法是，当前困难不少，一方面，国际经济环境更趋严峻复杂，金融动荡加剧，经济明显减速；另一方面，国内价格上涨压力仍然很大，农业基础还很薄弱，能源资源制约经济发展的矛盾比较突出，部分行业和企业生产经营困难，金融领域存在不少隐患。但是，我认为，中国所遭遇的困难，是发展过程中的困难。保证中国经济持续、快速增长的有利条件很多。中国正处于工业化、城市化加快发展的阶段，经济增长潜力很大。今后一个比较长的时期，中国发展仍处于重要战略机遇期。我国劳动力和资金供给仍然充裕，国内消费和投资需求持续增长的潜力还很大，市场广阔，企业竞争力和活力不断增强，宏观调控能力和水平在实践中继续提高，政治社会稳定，特别是我们在改革开放中已经形成符合中国国情和人民意愿的路线、战略和方针政策，这些都是长期起作用的因素。和平与发展仍然是当今世界的主题，国际环境总体上对我国发展有利。我们完全有信心、有能力克服前进中的各种困难，保持国民经济在更长时间内又好又快发展。

举办这次会议的天津是中国近代工业的重要发祥地和最早对外开放的城市之一，也是中国的国际港口城市。现在天津滨海新区开发开放已纳入国家总体发展战略布局规划，成为中国一个新的经济增长极。在座的许多企业都是全球成长型企业，最富活力、竞争力和发展潜力，欢迎大家到中国来投资，到天津来兴业，抓住机会发展壮大自己。我真诚地祝愿本次论坛获得圆满成功！

谢谢大家。

Following is the translated version of the full text of Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao's speech delivered here on Saturday at the opening ceremony of the Annual Meeting of the New Champions 2008, or Summer Davos, hosted by the World Economic Forum:

    Reform and Opening-up -- the Eternal Driving Force For China's Development

    Wen Jiabao

    Premier of the State Council Of the People's Republic of China

    The World Economic Forum Summer Davos 2008

    27 September,2008

    Professor Klaus Schwab, Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum,

    Distinguished Guests,

    Ladies and Gentlemen,

    Let me begin by extending,on behalf of the Chinese Government and in my own name, warm congratulations on the opening of the World Economic Forum Summer Davos 2008 in Tianjin and a warm welcome to you all!

    In the 37 years since its inception,the World Economic Forum has grown into an important platform for international exchanges and dialogue and played an active role in promoting world development and progress. Last year,the Summer Davos had its first successful annual meeting in Dalian,China and now it is holding this second annual meeting in Tianjin. We applaud the Forum's progress and achievements and are pleased with the deep